Set block

The set block is used to tweak and configure the server settings.

Sharing settings
If you (already) run multiple IRC servers then have a look at Sharing settings between servers to ease the burden when updating settings. The set block is an ideal candidate to be shared.

Syntax used in this documentation
As described in Configuration file syntax we will refer to settings like set::options::hide-ulines or set::auto-join. You should NOT write  in the configuration file! It's just a shorthand, an abbreviation. What we actually mean is that you should write them out like this: set { options { hide-ulines; };       auto-join "#something"; };

Or you could put them in separate set blocks like this: set { auto-join "#something"; };

set { options { hide-ulines; }; };

Or even just: set { options { hide-ulines; }; }; set { auto-join "#something"; };

If the above is unclear, then maybe have another read at the Configuration file syntax article.

It is perfectly fine to have multiple set { } blocks! In fact it's quite normal to have one block with network-wide settings, and another set block with server-specific settings. We generally don't recommend having more than 2 set blocks because then it is too easy to loose track of them ("what settings is where?"), but technically it is perfectly possible and permitted.

set::kline-address
Syntax: set::kline-address 

The email address that K:line questions should be sent to. This value must be specified. See also set::reject-message::kline if you want a more custom disconnect message on KLINE/ZLINE.

set::gline-address
Syntax: set::gline-address 

The email address that G:line questions should be sent to. See also set::reject-message::gline if you want a more custom disconnect message on GLINE/GZLINE.

set::modes-on-connect
Syntax: set::modes-on-connect <+modes>

The modes that will be set on a user at connection.

set::modes-on-oper
Syntax: set::modes-on-oper <+modes>

The modes that will be set on a user when they /oper.

set::snomask-on-oper
Syntax: set::snomask-on-oper <+modes>

The snomask (server notice mask) that will be set on a user when they /OPER. See Snomasks for the full list.

The default value is:  in UnrealIRCd 5 and   in UnrealIRCd 6.

set::modes-on-join
Syntax: set::modes-on-join <+modes>

The modes that will be set on a channel when it is first created. Not all modes can be set using this command.

set::level-on-join
Syntax: set::level-on-join 

The mode that a user will get when he's the first to join a channel. The default is 'op' (channel operator).

set::restrict-usermodes
Syntax: set::restrict-usermodes 

Restrict users to set/unset the modes listed here (don't use + or -). For example you can set +G in modes-on-connect and G in restrict-usermodes, that way you can force all users to be +G and unable to do -G.

set::restrict-channelmodes
Syntax: set::restrict-channelmodes 

Restrict users to set/unset the channelmodes listed here (don't use + or -). For example you can set +G in modes-on-join and G in restrict-channelmodes, that way you can force all (new) channels to be +G and unable to do -G.

IMPORTANT: Users may evade these restrictions via the  command from Services. If you use anope, we suggest you restrict the modes there too via anope's nomlock feature, see the example below.

Example to force and restrict channel modes
This will make it so all channels are always  and that users cannot set  :

In UnrealIRCd: set { modes-on-join "+ntG"; restrict-channelmodes "ntGL"; } In anope, in the module chanserv block: nomlock = "L" require = "ntG" Remember that the channel modes on the Anope side will only be applied to newly registered channels.

set::restrict-extendedbans
Syntax: set::restrict-extendedbans 

Don't allow users to use any extended bans ("*") or disallow only certain ones (eg: "qc").

set::restrict-commands
This allows you to restrict a certain command to users depending on: how long they are connected, if they are identified to Services or if they are using WebIRC block, and their reputation score. IRCOps can always bypass any restrictions.

You can restrict any command, simply by specifying the command. There are also 4 special types: private-message, private-notice, channel-message and channel-notice (that under the hood will restrict PRIVMSG and NOTICE).

set::restrict-commands in UnrealIRCd 6.0.4 and later
In UnrealIRCd 6.0.4 and later you create a block with the name of the command within set::restrict-commands. And then under that you create an except block which contains items like identified yes and webirc yes and so on, all such options can be found in the Mask item. Example:

set { restrict-commands { /* completely disable this command: */ somecommand { }

/* only allow this for identified users: */ links { except { identified yes; }               }

/* only allow this for webirc users: */ join { except { webirc yes; }               }

/* impose a connect-delay restriction, but with exemptions */ list { except { connect-time 60; /* after 60 seconds you can use LIST */ webirc yes; /* or immediately, if you are using a WEBIRC gateway */ identified yes; /* or immediately, if you are identified to services */ reputation-score 24; /* or immediately, if you have a reputation score of 24 or more */ }               }

/* impose a connect-delay restriction with no exemptions (except ircops) */ invite { except { connect-time 120; } }               private-message { except { connect-time 10; } }       } }

set::restrict-commands in UnrealIRCd older than 6.0.4
Example configuration for UnrealIRCd before 6.0.4: set { restrict-commands { /* completely disable this command: */ somecommand { }

/* only allow this for identified users: */ links { exempt-identified yes; }

/* only allow this for webirc users: */ join { exempt-webirc yes; }

/* impose a connect-delay restriction, but with exemptions */ list { connect-delay 60; exempt-webirc yes; exempt-identified yes; exempt-reputation-score 24; }

/* impose a connect-delay restriction with no exemptions (except ircops) */ invite { connect-delay 120; }               private-message { connect-delay 10; }       } }

Explanation of the options in UnrealIRCd versions older than 6.0.4:

The option connect-delay will impose the restriction for the specified time (eg: 60 meaning 60 seconds). This can be useful against spammers since they usually spam quickly after connecting (before they are catched by opers or channel operators). If you don't set a connect-delay then the command will be disabled for all users, unless you specified any exemptions (see next). The value must be between 1 and 3600 seconds.

The option exempt-identified will exempt the restrictions to users who are identified to Services, in other words: are authenticated users. These users normally went through a registration procedure that provides sufficient (but minimal) trust that they can use the command straight away, without any connect delay restrictions.

The option exempt-webirc will exempt the restrictions to users who are connecting via a WebIRC block. If you set this option, then you trust such users enough, that they can use the command straight away, without any connect delay restrictions.

The option exempt-tls will exempt the restrictions to users who are connecting via a SSL/TLS. If you set this option, then you trust such users enough, that they can use the command straight away, without any connect delay restrictions.

The option exempt-reputation-score means that if the reputation score is equal or above this number then the user bypasses this restriction.

set::auto-join
Syntax: set::auto-join " "

The channel(s) a user will be forced to join at connection. To specify more than one channel use a comma separated list. [Note: don't forget to add quotes, like: auto-join "#chan"]

set::oper-auto-join
Syntax: set::oper-auto-join " "

The channel(s) a user will be forced to join when they /oper. To specify more than one channel use a comma separated list. [Note: don't forget to add quotes, like: oper-auto-join "#chan,#chan2"]

set::anti-spam-quit-message-time
Syntax: set::anti-spam-quit-message-time 

A time value specifying the length of time a user must be connected for before a /quit message will be displayed. Used to prevent spam. A time value is a numeric string with d meaning days, h meaning hours, m meaning minutes, and s meaning seconds, for example 1d2h3m means 1 day, 2 hours, 3 minutes.

set::prefix-quit
Syntax: set::prefix-quit 

Sets the text that will be used to prefix a quit message. If this value is set to 0 then the standard "Quit:" is used.

set::static-quit
Syntax: set::static-quit 

Sets a static quit message that will be sent whenever a client logs off the network. This eliminates the need for anti-spam-quit-message-time, as well as the set::prefix-quit. It will NOT replace ERRORS with the static-quit message.

set::static-part
Syntax: set::static-part 

A value of 'yes' strips all part comments, a value of 'no' makes part just work as usual, anything else will be used as a part comment (eg: static-part "Bye!") but this can be quite annoying, so use with care.

set::who-limit
Syntax: set::who-limit 

Sets the limit for the maximum number of matches that will be returned for a /WHO, the default is 100.

This limit does not apply for WHO requests for a specific channel, eg. The limit also does not apply to IRCOps.

set::silence-limit
Syntax: set::silence-limit 

Sets the limit on the maximum SILENCE list entries. If this directive is not specified, a limit of 15 is set.

set::maxbans
Syntax: set::maxbans 

Sets the limit on the maximum amount of bans (+b) allowed per channel. The default is 60. The same limit is applied to exempts (+e) and invex (+I) as well. If you change this, be sure to also take a look at maxbanlength (see next)!

set::maxbanlength
Syntax: set::maxbanlength 

Similar to above, but sets the maximum amount of characters for all bans added up together, so basically this puts up a limit on the (semi-)maximum amount of memory all channel bans on a channel can take. The default is 2048 (bytes). With the default set::maxbans of 60 this allows 2048:60=34 characters per ban on average. Note that if you change this, the same limit is also applied to excepts (+e) and invex (+I).

set::allow-user-stats
Syntax 1: set::allow-user-stats  Syntax 2: set::allow-user-stats { }

Specifies a list of /STATS flags that users may also see (non-IRCOps). The default is "" (empty), which means regular users may not see any /STATS.

Be careful if you tweak this, some stats are not meant to be exposed to regular users and the information contained in them will often aid attackers / "bad guys".

set::max-stats-matches
Syntax: set::max-stats-matches 

If, as an IRCOp, you do  and there are thousands of glines then in the past the oper would be disconnected due to flooding ("Max SendQ exceeded"). With max-stats-matches you limit the number of *LINE entries that are outputted. The default is 1000 entries which should be sufficient protection (assuming your oper class has a sendq of 500K or more). You can set this limit higher or lower, or to zero to disable the protection (no limit).

set::min-nick-length
Syntax: set::min-nick-length 

Specifies the minimum required length of a nick name. This defaults to 0 which means there's no minimum. The maximum is 30 (NICKLEN) but it should still be smaller than (or equal to) set::nick-length.

set::nick-length
Syntax: set::nick-length 

Specifies the maximum length of a nick name. This default and maximum is 30 (NICKLEN). This setting can only be used to impose a shorter nick length than that.

set::topic-length
Syntax: set::topic-length 

Specifies the maximum length of a channel topic. This default and maximum is 360, or 340 if set::topic-setter is set to 'nick-user-host'. This setting can only be used to impose a shorter length.

set::away-length
Syntax: set::away-length 

Specifies the maximum length of the away reason in. The default is 307 and the maximum is 360.

set::quit-length
Syntax: set::quit-length 

Specifies the maximum length of the quit reason in. The default is 307 and the maximum is 395.

set::kick-length
Syntax: set::kick-length 

Specifies the maximum length of the kick reason in. The default is 307 and the maximum is 360.

set::maxchannelsperuser
Syntax: set::maxchannelsperuser 

Specifies the number of channels a single user may be in at any one time. IRCOps are exempt from this restriction.

set::maxdccallow
Syntax: set::maxdccallow 

Specifies the maximum number of entries a user can have on his/her DCCALLOW list.

set::channel-command-prefix
Syntax: set::channel-command-prefix 

Specifies the prefix characters for services "in channel commands". Messages starting with any of the specified characters will still be sent even if the client is +d ("deaf"). The default value is "`!." which is normally a good setting.

set::allowed-nickchars
Syntax: set::allowed-nickchars { }

Character sets / languages to allow in nick names, see Nick Character Sets.

set::allowed-channelchars
Syntax: set::allowed-channelchars [utf8|ascii|any]

Which characters to allow in channel names. This setting must be the same on all servers.

There are 3 possible settings (utf8, ascii and any):

The following characters are ALWAYS REJECTED: ASCII values below 32 (control characters), the space character, comma, colon.

set::allow-userhost-change
Syntax: set::allow-userhost-change [never|always|not-on-channels|force-rejoin]

Specifies what happens when the user@host changes (+x/-x/chghost/chgident/setident/vhost/etc). never disables all the commands, always does always allow it even when in channels (may cause client desyncs) [default], not-on-channels means it's only allowed when the user is not on any channel. Finally, force-rejoin will force a rejoin in all channels and re-op/voice/etc if needed, it will do that for all IRC clients without the chghost capability.

set::topic-setter
Syntax: set::topic-setter [nick|nick-user-host]

You can see who set the TOPIC by doing. By default this only shows the nick of the person who set the topic. If you set this option to nick-user-host then it will show the nick!user@host instead.

set::ban-setter
Syntax: set::ban-setter [nick|nick-user-host]

You can see who set a ban/exempt/invex (+beI) by doing  (or similar). By default this only shows the nick of the person who set the topic. If you set this option to nick-user-host then it will show the nick!user@host instead.

set::options::hide-ulines
Syntax: set::options::hide-ulines

If this is present, Ulined servers will be hidden in /MAP and /LINKS for regular users (non-ircops). This is a very common thing to do.

set::options::flat-map
Syntax: set::options::flat-map

If this is present, all servers will appear as directly linked in /map and /links, thus you can no longer see which server is linked to which. This is a little help against (D)DoS attacks because evil people now no longer can easily see the 'weak points'.

set::options::show-opermotd
Syntax: set::options::show-opermotd

If present the opermotd will be shown to users once they successfully /oper.

set::options::identd-check
Syntax: set::options::identd-check

If present the presence of an identd server will be checked and the returned value will be used for the username. If no ident request is returned or the identd server doesn't exist, the user's specified username will be prefixed with a ~. If this value is omitted no such check is made.

set::options::show-connect-info
Syntax: set::options::show-connect-info

If present notices showing "ident request", "hostname lookup", etc. will be displayed when a user connects.

set::options::dont-resolve
Syntax: set::options::dont-resolve

Don't do any resolving (DNS lookups) on users that connect. This can be useful if many of your users don't have a host, to speed up connecting. Note that this also means you cannot have host-based allow blocks.

set::options::mkpasswd-for-everyone
Syntax: set::options::mkpasswd-for-everyone

Makes it so the  command can be used by everyone. Normally it is restricted to IRCOps only.

set::options::allow-part-if-shunned
Syntax: set::options::allow-part-if-shunned

Allow shunned user to use /part.

set::options::fail-oper-warn
Syntax: set::options::fail-oper-warn

If present, a user will be notified that his/her failed /oper attempt has been logged.

set::options::allow-insane-bans
Syntax: set::options::allow-insane-bans

Allow insane broad bans like /GLINE *@*.xx. This makes it very easy to accidentally ban everyone on your network, so use with great care!

set::options::disable-cap
Syntax: set::options::disable-cap

Disable IRC Client Capabilities Extensions (CAP). Note that this makes SASL and various other features unavailable or harder for clients to use.

set::dns::bind-ip
Syntax: set::dns::bind-ip 

Specifies the IP to bind to for the resolver, rarely ever needed.

set::network-name
Syntax: set::network-name 

Specifies the name of the network on which this server is run. This value should be exactly the same on all servers on a network.

set::default-server
Syntax: set::default-server 

Defines the name of the default server to tell users to connect to if this server is full.

set::default-ipv6-clone-mask
Syntax: set::default-ipv6-clone-mask

The default IPv6 clone detection mask. See allow::ipv6-clone-mask. The default value for this setting is 64.

set::services-server
Syntax: set::services-server 

Specifies the name of the server that the services bots are connected to. See also Services.

set::stats-server
Syntax: set::stats-server <server-name>

Sets the name of the server on which the stats bot is located. If stats are not run this value may be left out.

set::sasl-server
Syntax: set::sasl-server <server-name>

Sets the name of the server to which SASL authenticate messages should be sent.

set::help-channel
Syntax: set::help-channel <network-help-channel>

Sets the name of the help channel for this network.

set::cloak-method
Syntax: set::cloak-method [ip|host]

This sets the method to use when cloaking a user. The default is host which will use hostname-based cloaking (and fallback to IP-based if no host is available). The alternative is to set this to ip which will make UnrealIRCd always do IP-based cloaking. This results in a XX.YY.ZZ.IP cloaked host which provides more anonymity. IRCOps can still see the real hostname of the user and GLINEs and such still work as well.

set::cloak-keys
Syntax: set::cloak-keys { "key1"; "key2"; "key3"; }

UnrealIRCd has a feature called Cloaking. The keys you specify here are used to generate such a +x host. ALL servers on the same network must use the same keys and they must be kept secret.

Each key consists of 50-100 characters, the characters should contain a mixture of: lowercase (a-z), uppercase (A-Z) and digits.

On *NIX you can use ./unrealircd gencloak to generate 3 random keys.

Example: /* This is just an example, don't actually use these keys yourself!! */ set { cloak-keys { "g5Ea8V0j7gb3t7w8QFmFV7Qoacit6T62eOk3jlIn7Qg0YaGgBqj55"; "mVv4uVw3306We2HvgPWTk1q0Nvnrl6uCr6Bor57c01d4eB5s60eQ3"; "HPXLauAcFF058V4Ian7X1hlt0Yj0MGmooNqs5bALL3um5GwD3O6w0M5L"; }; };

set::cloak-prefix
Syntax: set::cloak-prefix <prefix-value>

Defines the prefix that will be used on hidden hosts (+x). This is usually three or four letters representing the network name. Linked servers must have the same cloak-prefix for channel bans to function properly.

set::tls::certificate
Syntax: set::tls::certificate 

Specifies the filename where the server's SSL certificate is located. The default is server.cert.pem.

set::tls::key
Syntax: set::tls::key 

Specifies the filename where the server's SSL private key is located. The default is server.key.pem.

set::tls::trusted-ca-file
Syntax: set::tls::trusted-ca-file 

Specifies the filename where the certificates of the trusted CAs are located. The default is curl-ca-bundle.crt (shipped with UnrealIRCd)

set::tls::protocols
Syntax: set::tls::protocols <list-of-protocols>

Specifies which SSL/TLS protocols are permitted. Available options are: All, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2 and TLSv1.3. Prefix the protocol with a - (minus sign) to remove it.

Example: set { tls { protocols "All,-TLSv1,-TLSv1.1"; /* permit only TLSv1.2 and up */ }; };

See TLS Ciphers and protocols for more information and suggestions on a good setting.

set::tls::ciphers
Syntax: set::tls::ciphers 

Specifies which ciphers to be allowed for TLSv1.0, TLSv1.1 and TLSv1.2. See TLS Ciphers and protocols for more information and suggestions on a good setting.

set::tls::ciphersuites
Syntax: set::tls::ciphersuites 

Specifies which ciphersuites to allow for TLSv1.3. See TLS Ciphers and protocols for more information.

set::tls::ecdh-curves
Syntax: set::tls::ecdh-curves 

Specifies which ECDH(E) curves to be allowed. See TLS Ciphers and protocols for more information and suggestions on a good setting.

set::tls::renegotiate-bytes
Syntax: set::tls::renegotiate-bytes 

Specifies after how many bytes an SSL session should be renegotiated (eg: 20m for 20 megabytes).

set::tls::renegotiate-timeout
Syntax: set::tls::renegotiate-timeout 

Specifies after how much time an SSL session should be renegotiated (eg: 1h for 1 hour).

set::tls::options::fail-if-no-clientcert
Syntax: set::tls::options::fail-if-no-clientcert

Forces clients that do not have a certificate to be denied. This would be an unusual setting to enable.

This option does not provide any security. A user can simply generate a client certificate and use it to connect, no verification is done.

set::tls::options::no-starttls
Syntax: set::tls::options::no-starttls

Disable STARTTLS. STARTTLS allows clients to use SSL/TLS on regular (non-SSL) ports, which is normally a good thing.

set::tls::outdated-protocols
This sets the outdated SSL/TLS protocols. It is used for set::outdated-tls-policy.

The default setting is "TLSv1.0,TLSv1.1" which marks TLSv1.0 and TLSv1.1 as outdated. In case you wonder, SSLv3 is not listed here because UnrealIRCd never allows such connections anyway.

set::tls::outdated-ciphers
This sets the outdated SSL/TLS ciphers. It is used for set::outdated-tls-policy.

The default setting is "AES*" which requires some explanation: This effectively marks all ciphersuites without Forward Secrecy as outdated. It stills allows AES perfectly fine, but only in combination with ECDHE/EECDH, which provides Forward Secrecy. For example AES128-SHA256 would be considered outdated and ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 is not.

If you use a weird ::ciphers setting, for example one that allows CAMELLIA, then you may have to tweak ::outdated-ciphers also. This is, however, an extremely uncommon configuration.

set::tls::sts-policy
This configures Strict Transport Security in UnrealIRCd.

Read SSL/TLS - Strict Transport Security for information on how to deploy this.

Example: /* Read https://www.unrealircd.org/docs/SSL/TLS#Strict_Transport_Security * before deploying this. */ set { tls { sts-policy { port 6697; duration 5m; };        }; };

IMPORTANT: Invalid/untrusted SSL/TLS certificates or a non-working TLS port WILL LOCK YOUR USERS OUT if you use sts-policy!

set::plaintext-policy
The plaintext-policy block allows you to configure what UnrealIRCd should do with users/opers/server who are not connected via SSL/TLS.

set { plaintext-policy { user allow; /* must be one of: allow, warn, deny */ oper deny; /* must be one of: allow, warn, deny */ server deny; /* must be one of: allow, warn, deny */ }; };

An action of allow will allow the operation. The warn action will make the server send a warning notice. The deny action will reject the user/oper/server, meaning that the user cannot connect, the IRCOp cannot /OPER and the server may not link.

Optionally you can set a set::plaintext-policy::user-message and set::plaintext-policy::oper-message to change the default UnrealIRCd warn/deny text the user/ircop will receive.

set::outdated-tls-policy
The outdated-tls-policy block allows you to configure what UnrealIRCd should do with users/opers/server connecting with an outdated SSL/TLS protocol or cipher.

set { outdated-tls-policy { user warn; /* must be one of: allow, warn, deny */ oper deny; /* must be one of: allow, warn, deny */ server deny; /* must be one of: allow, warn, deny */ }; };

An action of allow will allow the operation. The warn action will make the server send a warning notice. The deny action will reject the user/oper/server, meaning that the user cannot connect, the IRCOp cannot /OPER and the server may not link.

To decide which protocol and ciphers are considered outdated, the set::tls::outdated-protocols and set::tls::outdated-ciphers settings are used.

Optionally you can set a set::outdated-tls-policy::user-message and set::outdated-tls-policy::oper-message to change the default UnrealIRCd warn/deny text the user/ircop will receive.

set::ident::connect-timeout
Syntax: set::ident::connect-timeout 

Amount of seconds after which to give up connecting to the ident server (default: 3s).

set::ident::read-timeout
Syntax: set::ident::read-timeout 

Amount of seconds after which to give up waiting for a reply (default: 7s).

set::handshake-timeout
Syntax: set::handshake-timeout 

Amount of seconds that a connection may be in the "handshake state", that is: the period between a TCP/IP connection accept and the user getting online after NICK/USER have been received and DNS and ident lookups have completed (if those are enabled).

The default is 30 which is a safe value for everyone. Be careful if drastically lower this. DNS lookups, ident lookups and the handshake may take more time than you may think in some cases. You can probably set this to a value like 20 if you like. However, if you set this setting too low then you risk locking everyone out when for example your DNS server is a little slow (eg: under attack).

set::sasl-timeout
Syntax: set::sasl-timeout 

The maximum time for SASL to take place. Time starts at the AUTHENTICATE command. The default is 15 seconds.

This protects against misbehaving or extremely laggy SASL servers (Services). Otherwise, a misbehaving server could lead to people no longer being able to connect.

set::anti-flood
The set::anti-flood block is used to configure nearly all anti flood settings in UnrealIRCd.

Because there are so many anti-flood options they are listed on a separate wiki page:
 * For UnrealIRCd 5.2.x and UnrealIRCd 6, see Anti-flood settings
 * For earlier versions, see Anti-flood settings (OLD)

set::default-bantime
Syntax: set::default-bantime 

Default bantime when doing /KLINE, /GLINE, /ZLINE, GZLINE, /SHUN, etc without a time parameter (like /GLINE *@some.nasty.isp), the default is permanent (0). Example: default-bantime 90d

set::modef-default-unsettime
Syntax: set::modef-default-unsettime 

For channelmode +f you can specify a default unsettime, if you specify 10 for example then a /MODE #chan +f [5j]:15 will be transformed to [5j#i10]:15. The default is no default unsettime.

set::modef-max-unsettime
Syntax: set::modef-max-unsettime 

The maximum amount of minutes for a mode +f unsettime (in +f [5j#i<TIME>]:15), this is a value between 0 and 255. The default is 60 (= 1 hour) which should be sufficient.

set::modef-boot-delay
Syntax: set::modef-boot-delay 

Ignore join flood controls in channel mode +f when the server has just been rebooted. This because users are likely to quickly reconnect in such a case, causing a lot of joins which normally trigger +f, causing channels to end up being +i or +R even if there was no true attack (just a server restart).

The default setting is 75 seconds. You can specify an alternative time in seconds (eg: 120), or by timespec (eg: 2m).

This feature does not take into account users reconnecting to another server in the network if a server dies or is restarted, as is frequently seen in the case of DNS RR. But at least it partially mitigates the server reboot effect.

The downside of this setting is that if a server is restarted in the middle of a drone attack, then when it is booted up again, drones would be able to bypass limits for the specified amount of time. One needs to weigh this against the false positives in channel mode +f that are otherwise caused by server restarts (eg: channels ending up +i due to +f, only because a server has been restarted during scheduled maintenance).

set::ban-version-tkl-time
Syntax: set::ban-version-tkl-time 

If you specify an 'action' like zline/gline/etc in a Ban version block, then you can specify here how long the IP should be banned, the default is 86400 (1 day).

set::spamfilter::ban-time
Syntax: set::spamfilter::ban-time 

Same as above but for *lines/shuns added by spamfilter

set::spamfilter::ban-reason
Syntax: set::spamfilter::ban-reason 

Default reason to use for entries added by spamfilter

set::spamfilter::virus-help-channel
Syntax: set::spamfilter::virus-help-channel 

The channel to use for the 'viruschan' action in spamfilter

set::spamfilter::virus-help-channel-deny
Syntax: set::spamfilter::virus-help-channel-deny <yes|no>

If set to yes (or '1') it replies 'invite only' to any normal users that try to join the virus-help-channel. Only opers, people that match spamfilters and people that are /invite'd can join.

set::spamfilter::except
Syntax: set::spamfilter::except <target(s)>

These targets are exempt from spam filtering, that is: no action will be taken if you send a message/notice/etc to this target. This can be single target or comma separated list.. Ex: except "#help,#spamreport"

set::spamfilter::detect-slow-warn
Syntax: set::spamfilter::detect-slow-warn 

If a spamfilter takes longer than this amount of milliseconds to execute (1000ms = 1 second), then a warning notice will be sent to all opers (default: 250). See also Spamfilter

set::spamfilter::detect-slow-fatal
Syntax: set::spamfilter::detect-slow-fatal 

If a spamfilter takes longer than this amount of milliseconds to execute (1000ms = 1 second), then the spamfilter will be removed (default: 500). See also Spamfilter

set::check-target-nick-bans
Syntax: set::check-target-nick-bans <yes|no>

Whenever the user changes his/her nick, check if the NEW nick would be banned. If so, do not allow the nickchange. Default is yes.

set::ping-cookie
Syntax: set::ping-cookie <yes|no>

When a client connects, send a "ping cookie" consisting of a random string that the client should respond with. All clients should cope with this and do so without bothering the user. Ping cookies are a security measure. It helps in preventing blind HTTP-POST attacks and similar security issues. It also helps against TCP spoofing on very old operating systems.

The default is yes (enabled). Changing this to no is a big security risk.

set::watch-away-notification
Syntax: set::watch-away-notification <yes|no>

Allows you to enable/disable AWAY notification in WATCH. The default is yes (enabled).

set::max-targets-per-command
This limits the number of targets in a command. For example for PRIVMSG it defaults to 4, which means you can address up to 4 targets via. These imposed protocol limits apply to everyone, including opers.

The following are the defaults:

set { max-targets-per-command { privmsg 4; notice 1; tagmsg 1; names 1; whois 1; whowas 1; kick 4; list max; join max; part max; sajoin max; sapart max; kill max; dccallow max; userhost max; userip max; ison max; watch max; }; }; If you are tweaking the settings you should note that:
 * The commands NAMES and WHOWAS do not support more than 1
 * The setting for the commands USERHOST USERIP ISON WATCH can not be lowered
 * Other than the above there is no checking if the command exists or if the command itself allows multiple targets in the first place

set::hide-ban-reason
Syntax: set::hide-ban-reason <yes|no>

This will hide the *LINE reason to anyone except the user being killed. This allows you to enter a personal message in commands like /GLINE that will not be publicly displayed.

set::antirandom
This module can automatically kill users that seem to have "random looking nicks".

Note that you need to load this module explicitly (it is not loaded by default): loadmodule "antirandom";

set { antirandom { /* THRESHOLD: * This is pretty much the most important setting of all. * For every randomly looking ident the user gets a certain amount of                * 'points', if this value reaches 'threshold' then the appropriate * action is taken (killed, *lined, see later on). * lower = more randomly looking users will be catched (but also more                 *          innocent users) * higher = less chance of innocent users getting killed, but also less *         chance on bots getting catched. * <2: DON'T!! * 4:  Works good, probably a few more innocent kills but if you got *     quite a bot problem then this might be a useful setting. * 5:  Works well with few innocent kills, probably good to begin with. * 6:  If you want to be a tad more careful * >6: For the paranoid. Module can still be quite effective, though :)                */                threshold 5;

/* BAN-ACTION: * Action to take whenever the user is catched as random, options: * warn, kill, gline, gzline, kline, zline, shun, tempshun */               ban-action kill;

/* BAN-TIME: * Time to ban the user (irrelevant for tempshun/kill). * Something between 1 hour and 2 days is recommended. * If you set it higher than 3 or 4 days then you get quite a risk * of catching innocent users due to dynamic IP, not to mention * your *line list gets filled up... so choose it wisely. */               ban-time 4h;

/* BAN-REASON: * The ban (or kill) reason to use. * You might want to put in an entry to a FAQ or an email address * where users can mail if they have been catched and don't know what to do. * NOTE: One of the various reasons that ""innocent users"" are catched is                *       if they just randomly type in info for their nick, ident, or realname. */               ban-reason "You look like a bot. Be sure to fill in your nick/ident/realname properly.";

/* CONVERT-TO-LOWERCASE: * Convert nicks, idents, and realnames to lowercase before doing random checks? * This has not been tested extensively for false positives, but might be (very) * helpful to catch GnStA5FYhiTH51TUkf style random nicks as random. * Enabled by default. */               convert-to-lowercase yes;

/* SHOW-FAILEDCONNECTS: * This will send out a notice whenever a randomly looking user has been catched * during connecting. Obviously this can be pretty noisy. * Especially recommended to enable during the first few days you use this module. */               show-failedconnects yes;

/* EXCEPT-HOSTS (before UnrealIRCd 6.0.4): * Hostmasks on this list are matched against the IP and hostname of the connecting * user. If it matches then we do not check if the nick/ident/realname is random. * NOTE: Use the REAL host or IP here, not any cloaked hosts! */               except-hosts { mask "192.168.0.0/16"; mask "127.0.0.0/8"; };

/* EXCEPT (UnrealIRCd 6.0.4 and later) */               except { mask { mask "192.168.0.0/16"; 127.0.0.0/8; } webirc yes; /* For more options see https://www.unrealircd.org/docs/Mask_item */ };

}; };

set::hide-list
This allows you to specify which channels should be hidden from list. Right now it only supports one option: deny-channel. This will hide channels that the user cannot join due to deny channel { } restrictions:

set { hide-list { deny-channel; }; };

Note that secret channels (channel mode +s) are always hidden and IRCOps always override restrictions (if they have sufficient access).

set::max-unknown-connections-per-ip
UnrealIRCd limits the number of connections per IP that are in an "unknown" state, that is: connections that are in a handshake. This is a security setting and it defaults to 3.

Only in very rare circumstances this may need to be adjusted. For example if you have hundreds of users coming from the same IP.

Example: set { max-unknown-connections-per-ip 3; };

set::ban-include-username
By default UnrealIRCd will place bans from spamfilter (and other automatic bans) on *@ip. You can change this to have bans placed on user@ip. This can be useful if you have some unusual amount of trust in idents ;). Note that this doesn't help against zlines/gzlines since ident requests and handshakes (including receiving the username) don't take place for (G)ZLINE's.

Example (this is the default setting): set { ban-include-username no; };

set::handshake-delay
Syntax: set { handshake-delay 2; };

This defines the MINIMUM time it should take for a user to get connected (finish the initial handshake).

This can be very useful if you have blacklist blocks, so DNSBL checking can finish before allowing the user in.

The default is 2 seconds if you have any blacklist { } block. You could set it slightly higher if your DNSBL checking is slow but for most people the default should be perfectly fine. Values of 10 or more are not permitted.

If you don't have any blacklist { } blocks then the delay defaults to 0 seconds (no delay) since it would not be useful.

set::reject-message
This allows you to change the messages that are sent to a user when their connection is rejected. This shows the defaults: set { reject-message { password-mismatch "Password mismatch"; too-many-connections "Too many connections from your IP"; server-full "This server is full."; unauthorized "You are not authorized to connect to this server"; kline "You are not welcome on this server. $bantype: $banreason. Email $klineaddr for more information."; gline "You are not welcome on this network. $bantype: $banreason. Email $glineaddr for more information."; }; };

The set::reject-message::password-mismatch message is sent when the user supplied a server password but it was not matching allow::password in the Allow block.

The set::reject-message::too-many-connections message is sent when allow::maxperip is hit in the Allow block.

The set::reject-message::server-full message is sent when class::maxclients is hit in the Class block.

The set::reject-message::unauthorized message is sent when the client is not matching any Allow block.

The set::reject-message::kline message is sent to the user when disconnecting them due to a KLINE or ZLINE. The set::reject-message::gline message is sent to the user upon GLINE or GZLINE. The message is only sent to the affected user and is not seen by other users or IRCOps. In both of these configuration items (::kline and ::gline) the following variables are available:

set::antimixedutf8
The antimixedutf8 module will detect and stop spam containing of characters of mixed "scripts", where (for example) some characters are in Latin script and other characters are in Cyrillic script.

Note that you need to load this module explicitly (it is not loaded by default).

loadmodule "antimixedutf8"; set { antimixedutf8 { /* Take action at this 'score' (lower = more sensitive) *                * A score of 2 or 3 will catch a lot but also * catch innocent users who are not using a pure * Latin script, such as Russian people who * commonly use a mix of Latin and Cyrillic. *                * A score of 8 is a safe default. */               score 8;

/* Action to take, see: * https://www.unrealircd.org/docs/Actions */               ban-action block;

/* Block/kill/ban reason (sent to user) */ ban-reason "Mixed character spam";

/* Duration of ban (does not apply to block/kill) */ ban-time 4h; // For other types } }

set::authentication-prompt
This will ask users to type  if they need to authenticate, for example if the user matches a soft ban or require authentication { } block. Technically, it does this by simulating a SASL session to Services.

The module is loaded by default with the following default settings:

loadmodule "authprompt"; set { authentication-prompt { /* Enabled or not? */               enabled yes;

message "The server requires clients from this IP address to authenticate with a registered nickname and password."; message "Please reconnect using SASL, or authenticate now by typing: /QUOTE AUTH nick:password"; /* As you can see you can have multiple 'message' items. * It may be useful to refer to a webpage for more * information and/or where users can register their nick. */

fail-message "Authentication failed"; /* Multiple fail-message lines are also supported */

unconfirmed-message "You are trying to use an unconfirmed services account."; unconfirmed-message "This services account can only be used after it has been activated/confirmed."; }; }; // If you use the authprompt module then you may want to raise the // timeout in which users must complete the handshake. // By uncommenting the following, you can raise it from 30 to 60 seconds: // set { handshake-timeout 60s; };

set::reputation
The reputation module provides reputation scores of users. This score can then be used by various modules to counter abuse.

The default settings are: set { reputation { database "reputation.db"; /* this file will be in the 'data' subdirectory */ } }

It is also possible to encrypt all data in the reputation database, to do so you have to create a secret { } block and then refer to that secret block. In this example we refer to a secret block called reputationdb:

set { reputation { db-secret "reputationdb"; } }

set::tkldb
The tkldb module saves all TKLs (kline, gline, spamfilter, etc) to a database file so these are preserved accross server restarts.

The default settings are: set { tkldb { database "tkl.db"; /* this file will be in the 'data' subdirectory */ } }

It is also possible to encrypt all data in the database, to do so you have to create a secret { } block and then refer to that secret block. In this example we refer to a secret block called tkldb:

set { tkldb { db-secret "tkldb"; } }

set::channeldb
The channeldb module saves all channel settings for channels that have mode +P ("permanent") set. For these channels it saves: channel creation time, topic, topic setter (name), topic timestamp, channel modes, channel list modes (+b/+e/+I lists). These are all stored in a database file so these are preserved accross server restarts.

The default settings are: set { channeldb { database "channel.db"; /* this file will be in the 'data' subdirectory */ } }

It is also possible to encrypt all data in the database, to do so you have to create a secret { } block and then refer to that secret block. In this example we refer to a secret block called channeldb:

set { channeldb { db-secret "channeldb"; } }

set::connthrottle
The set::connthrottle settings are documented at the Connthrottle page.

set::broadcast-channel-messages
Syntax: set::broadcast-channel-messages [auto|always|never]

There are 3 possible settings:
 * always: always send all channel messages to all servers, regardless of whether they have channel members or not.
 * auto (the default): don't send messages to servers if they have no channel members, except for when the channel mode +H (history) is set. In case of +H we broadcast all messages to all servers.
 * never: never broadcast channel messages to all servers, only send to servers that have channel members.

set::history
Configure settings related to Channel history.

The set::history::channel::playback-on-join block describes the behavior when a user joins a +H channel. The set::history::channel::max-storage-per-channel block sets limits on what can be set via /MODE #chan +H. Note that these are separate things: only a few lines of history are shown on-join, many more lines can be fetched via the  command (and possibly other commands in the future).

This shows the default settings:

set { history { channel { /* How many lines to playback on join? */                       playback-on-join { lines 15; time 1d; }                       /* How much history to keep. These are the * upper maximums for channel mode +H lines:time */                       max-storage-per-channel { /* +r channels have larger maximums: */ registered { lines 5000; time 31d; }                               /* -r channels have less: */ unregistered { lines 200; time 31d; }                       }                }        } }

Persistent channel history
You can also store channel history encrypted on disk. This means channel history is preserved across IRCd restarts. UnrealIRCd will only store channel history for channels that have both channel mode  and   set.

To enable this you need to create a Secret block like this: /* This is only a simple example with passwords stored directly in the * configuration file. * To get better security, read https://www.unrealircd.org/docs/Secret_block * on alternative ways so you don't store passwords directly in the config. */ secret historydb { password "somepassword"; }

And then refer to that secret block which we named historydb: set { history { channel { persist yes; db-secret "historydb"; }       } }

UnrealIRCd has the following goals for storing channel history on disk:
 * All data within the .db's is encrypted
 * We use a well-known encryption library, a good cipher and KDF, see Dev:UnrealDB for in-depth technical details.
 * By default the log databases are stored in the  directory
 * All .db files are cryptographically hashed so a third party can't tell which .db file belongs to which channel
 * A 'master.db' file is present too, to achieve the above in a consistent and safe manner. Don't delete this file.
 * Be sure to look at Secret block to see the various ways to store the key (password) and pick one acceptable to your environment

set::part-instead-of-quit-on-comment-change
Syntax: set::part-instead-of-quit-on-comment-change [yes|no]

When a QUIT message is changed due to channel restrictions, such as stripping color or censoring a word, we normally change the QUIT message. This has an effect on ALL channels, not just the one that imposed the restrictions (eg: the QUIT reason loses color or is censored for all). We feel this is the best tradeoff and this is the default setting of no.

You can also set this setting to yes. That will change the QUIT into a PART when the QUIT comment is changed. The channel(s) with the changed comment see the user PARTing, and on all other channels that do not have the restrictions (eg: are -S and -G) they will see the user QUITting with the original message.

set::webredir::url
Syntax: set::webredir::url "http://example.org/"

When someone (accidentally) types irc.example.org in their web browser then UnrealIRCd can send a HTTP redirect back to, say, https://example.org/. Note that this is mostly a gimmick rather than something terribly useful.

For this to work, the IRC server needs to listen on ports 443 and 80 (more information about that here!). However, nowadays more and more IRC servers listen on port 443 so users can bypass firewall restrictions that they may encounter on the regular ports 6667/6697 (and also because of websockets).

Usage example (only do this after reading the above): loadmodule "webredir"; set { webredir { url "https://..."; } }

set::automatic-ban-target
Syntax: set::automatic-ban-target [host|userhost|..]

The IRCd may add automatic bans, for example due to a blacklist hit, a spamfilter hit, or because of antirandom or antimixedutf8. When it does, on what should the ban be placed: The last two possibilities are only useful if you have a very special setup, it does not apply to most users. The most common choices are ip (the default), host, or userip (if you trust idents).
 * ip: place the ban on the IP address (eg: *@172.16.8.4)
 * userip: include the ident portion in the mask (eg: user@192.168.8.4)
 * host: place the ban on the hostname (eg: *@something.example.org), fallback to ip.
 * userhost: include the ident portion in the mask (eg: user@example.org), fallback to user@ip.
 * account: ban by services account name (eg: ~a:accountname)
 * certfp: ban by certificate fingerprint (eg: ~S:00112233etc)

Note: if the ban is of type ZLINE or GZLINE then it will always resort to ip since all other options don't work. The reason for that is that UnrealIRCd closes the connection immediately in case of a (G)ZLINE. Therefore it only knows the IP information as it has not done a DNS lookup, ident lookup, TLS handshake, etc. In fact, that is what makes a ZLINE different than a KLINE (and a GZLINE from a GLINE).

set::manual-ban-target
Syntax: set::manual-ban-target [host|userhost|..]

Similar to automatic-ban-target, but this is used if target a nick in a *LINE, for example if you type. When that happens, on what should the ban be placed: he last two possibilities are only useful if you have a very special setup, it does not apply to most users. The most common choices are ip, host (the default), or userhost (if you trust idents).
 * ip: place the ban on the IP address (eg: *@172.16.8.4)
 * userip: include the ident portion in the mask (eg: user@192.168.8.4)
 * host: place the ban on the hostname (eg: *@something.example.org)
 * userhost: include the ident portion in the mask (eg: user@example.org)
 * account: ban by services account name (eg: ~a:accountname)
 * certfp: ban by certificate fingerprint (eg: ~S:00112233etc)

Note: if the ban is of type ZLINE or GZLINE then it will always resort to ip since all other options don't work. The reason for that is that UnrealIRCd closes the connection immediately in case of a (G)ZLINE. Therefore it only knows the IP information as it has not done a DNS lookup, ident lookup, TLS handshake, etc. In fact, that is what makes a ZLINE different than a KLINE (and a GZLINE from a GLINE).

set::hide-idle-time
''Note: this setting is only available in UnrealIRCd version 5.0.4 and higher. The feature is planned to be extended later.''

The default setting is: set { hide-idle-time { policy oper-usermode; } }

Syntax: set::hide-idle-time::policy [never | always | usermode | oper-usermode ];

This is a privacy setting which configures the visibility of "idle time" of users:
 * never: never hide idle time, the idle time is always shown to everyone
 * always: always hide idle time
 * usermode: show idle time, but hide idle time if user mode +I is set (uppercase letter i).
 * oper-usermode: same as previous, but only IRCOps can set the +I user mode to hide idle time.

In all cases, IRCOps can still see idle time of users.

Note that even if you are allowed to see idle time,  will never show idle time for users on another server. This is a technical limitation (the idle time is not communicated actively across servers). If you want to see the idle time of a remote user you need to double whois:. Some clients do the latter by default in popups.

set::server-linking
This block configures the timeouts for outgoing servers and the linking strategy for link { } blocks with autoconnect set.

These are the defaults: set { server-linking { autoconnect-strategy sequential; connect-timeout 10s; handshake-timeout 20s; } }

set::server-linking::autoconnect-strategy has three options:
 * parallel: connect to all link { } blocks in parallel
 * sequential: try to connect to the first link block, then to the 2nd, then to the 3rd, then back to the 1st, etc..
 * sequential-fallback: similar to sequential but after a successful connection, we will restart from the beginning of the link blocks again. Can be useful for leafs.

In UnrealIRCd 5.2.1 the default is sequential, while previously the behavior was always parallel.

set::server-linking::connect-timeout specifies the maximum time to wait for the outgoing connect or TLS_connect call to succeed. The default is 10 seconds and this should be sufficient. If you are on a high-latency/low-bandwidth satellite connection then you could raise this. Otherwise we recommend keeping it at 10.

set::server-linking::handshake-timeout specifies the maximum time to wait for the server handshake to succeed, that is: to receive the "SERVER" command. This is usually received in the first few kilobytes of data, so should be relatively soon. The default is 20 seconds here, which should be plenty for everyone.

set::whois-details
Note: this setting is only available in UnrealIRCd 6

This allows you to configure which WHOIS information should be shown to who (and in what detail).

For each item there are 3 user groups that you can configure:
 * everyone: all users
 * self: if you are /WHOIS'ing yourself
 * oper: IRC Operators

Then the possible settings for each item are:
 * none: information is not shown
 * full: all information is shown
 * limited: only a limited amount of information is shown. This is only available for a few items:
 * for item channels: full will also show hidden channels (+s), limited will not (normally used for normal users)
 * for item oper: full will show the operlogin and operclass, limited will leave these details out
 * for item secure: full will show the TLS version and cipher in use, limited will leave these details out

The default settings are: set { whois-details { basic          { everyone full; } modes          { everyone none;        self full;      oper full; } realhost       { everyone none;        self full;      oper full; } registered-nick { everyone full; } channels       { everyone limited;     self full;      oper full; } server         { everyone full; } away           { everyone full; } oper           { everyone limited;     self full;      oper full; } secure         { everyone limited;     self full;      oper full; } bot            { everyone full; } services       { everyone full; } security-groups { everyone none;       self none;      oper full; } reputation     { everyone none;        self none;      oper full; } geo            { everyone none;        self none;      oper full; } certfp         { everyone full; } shunned        { everyone none;        self none;      oper full; } account        { everyone full; } swhois         { everyone full; } idle           { everyone limited;     self full;      oper full; } } }

set::server-notice-colors
This setting only exists in UnrealIRCd 6

Enable or disable colors in server notices (to snomasks). The default is. You can change it to no if you don't want these colors.

This sets the (default) setting for all IRCOps on this server. You can tweak individual IRCOp settings through the server-notice-colors setting in the Oper block.

set::server-notice-show-event
This setting only exists in UnrealIRCd 6.0.2 or newer

Enable or disable showing of the susbystem.event (eg: ) in log messages on IRC. The default is. You can change it to no if you don't want this.

This sets the (default) setting for all IRCOps on this server. You can tweak individual IRCOp settings through the server-notice-show-event setting in the Oper block.

set::geoip-classic
See GeoIP.

set::geoip-csv
See GeoIP.

set::geoip-maxmind
See GeoIP.